Yukos universal limited (isle of man) v the Russian federation; a classic case of indirect expropriation

gibson, s. christopher;

A claim of indirect expropriation is at the heart of the Yukos investment arbitration cases brought by three former shareholders of OAO Yukos Oil Company (Yukos) against the Russian Federation. The Tribunal held that while the Russian Federation �has not explicitly expropriated Yukos or the holdings of its shareholders�, nonetheless, the measures it had taken �have had an effect ��equivalent to nationalization or expropriation��.