ANALISIS PERFORMA TURBIN ANGIN ARCHIMEDES MENGGUNAKAN COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS (CFD)

Ahmad Dani Pujangga; Yon Nofendri;

ANALISIS PERFORMA TURBIN ANGIN ARCHIMEDES
MENGGUNAKAN COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS (CFD)

Ahmad Dani Pujangga

Pengembangan energi terbarukan, khususnya turbin angin untuk kecepatan rendah (3–6 m/s) di
Indonesia, menjadi prioritas strategis transisi energi global, namun belum ada analisis komprehensif
mengenai kombinasi optimal jumlah sudu dan sudut kemiringan turbin Archimedes. Permasalahan
utama adalah kurangnya data performa torsi, daya output, dan coefficient of power (Cp) pada variasi
desain tersebut di kondisi angin rendah. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh variasi
jumlah sudu tiga sudu dan empat sudu, sudut kemiringan (40°, 50°, 60°), serta kecepatan angin (3
m/s–6 m/s) terhadap performa turbin, dan menentukan konfigurasi optimal. Metode yang digunakan
adalah simulasi numerik CFD dengan SolidWorks Flow Simulation, di mana variabel bebas meliputi
jumlah sudu, sudut kemiringan, dan kecepatan angin; variabel terikat torsi, daya output, serta Cp;
dengan variabel kontrol dimensi turbin, profil spiral, densitas udara 1,225 kg/m3, model turbulensi
k-epsilon, dan simulasi steady-state. Hasil menunjukkan turbin tiga sudu unggul pada semua
kecepatan angin, dengan konfigurasi optimal tiga sudu-sudut 50° yang menghasilkan Cp maksimum
0,253 (pada 3 m/s) hingga 0,246 (pada 6 m/s), torsi 0,0576 Nm, dan daya 2,304 W. Analisis
aerodinamis mengonfirmasi sudut 50° memberikan keseimbangan gaya angkat-hambat terbaik,
sementara 40° suboptimal dan 60° mendekati stall. Kesimpulannya, desain tiga sudu dengan sudut
kemiringan 50° direkomendasikan untuk turbin Archimedes di kondisi angin rendah Indonesia guna
maksimalkan efisiensi energi terbarukan.
Kata kunci:Turbin Archimedes, angin rendah, CFD, coefficient of power

ABSTRACT

PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF ARCHIMEDES WIND TURBINE USING

COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS (CFD)

Ahmad Dani Pujangga

The development of renewable energy, particularly wind turbines for low wind speeds (3 m/s–6 m/s)
in Indonesia, has become a strategic priority in the global energy transition. However, there is still
no comprehensive analysis of the optimal combination of blade number and blade inclination angle
for Archimedes turbines. The main problem lies in the lack of performance data on torque, power
output, and coefficient of power (Cp) for these design variations under low wind conditions. This
study aims to analyze the influence of variations in blade number three blades and four blades, blade
inclination angle (40°, 50°, 60°), and wind speed (3–6 m/s) on turbine performance, and to
determine the optimal configuration. The method employed numerical CFD simulation using
SolidWorks Flow Simulation, with independent variables comprising blade number, inclination
angle, and wind speed; dependent variables being torque, power output, and Cp; and control
variables including turbine dimensions, spiral profile, air density of 1.225 kg/m3, k-epsilon
turbulence model, and steady-state simulation. Results indicate that the 3-blade turbine outperforms
across all wind speeds, with the optimal configuration of three blades at 50° inclination yielding a
maximum Cp of 0.253 (at 3 m/s) to 0.246 (at 6 m/s), torque of 0.0576 Nm, and power of 2.304 W.
Aerodynamic analysis confirms that 50° provides the best lift drag balance, while 40° is suboptimal
and 60° approaches stall conditions. In conclusion, the three blade design with 50° blade inclination
is recommended for Archimedes turbines in Indonesia's low wind conditions to maximize renewable
energy efficiency.
Keywords: Archimedes wind turbine, low wind speed, CFD, coefficient of po