Testing a Model of Environmental Risk and Protective Factors to Predict Middle and High School Students’ Academic Success

rara sukma nur ridhoty;

Data from the School Success Profile generated by 19,228 middle and high school students were organized into three broad categories of risk and protective factors—control, support, and challenge—to examine the relative and combined power of aggregate scale scores in each category so as to predict academic success. It was hypothesized that higher control and higher support scores might predict higher grades; support might contribute more variance in grades
for students reporting adequate control than students reporting inadequate control; higher challenge scores might predict higher grades; and with adequate control, challenge would contribute more variance in grades for students with high support scores than for students with low support scores. Multiple regression analyses produced evidence supporting all these hypotheses. The article concludes with a discussion of practical implications of results and
suggestions for further research.