The Anatolian Plate is composed of different lithospheric blocks and ribbon continents amalgamated during the closure of the Paleotethys Ocean and Neotethys Ocean along a subduction margin. Using ambient noise tomography, we investigate the crustal and uppermost mantle shear wave velocity structure of the Anatolian Plate. A total of 215 broad-band seismic stations were used spanning 7 yr of re…

Aquatic ecosystems experience large natural variation in elemental composition of carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), which is further enhanced by human activities. Primary producers typically reflect the nutrient ratios of their resource, whose stoichiometric composition can vary widely in conformity to environmental conditions. In contrast, C to nutrient ratios in consumers are large…

A method for combining the asymptotic operator designed by Beylkin (Born migration operator) for the solution of linearized inverse problems with full waveform inversion is presented. This operator is used to modify the standard L2 norm that measures the distance between synthetic and observed data. The modified misfit function measures the discrepancy of the synthetic and observed data after t…

In our paper published earlier we discussed forecasts of earthquake focal mechanism and ways to test the forecast efficiency. Several verification methods were proposed, but they were based on ad hoc, empirical assumptions, thus their performance is questionable. We apply a conventional likelihood method to measure the skill of earthquake focal mechanism orientation forecasts. The advantage of…

The functional and taxonomic biogeography of marine microbial systems reflects the current state of an evolving system. Current models of marine microbial systems and biogeochemical cycles do not reflect this fundamental organizing principle. Here, we investigate the evolutionary adaptive potential of marine microbial systems under environmental change and introduce explicit Darwinian adaptatio…

We prove that for smooth projective toric varieties, the Okounkov body of a T-invariant pseudoeffective divisor with respect to a T-invariant flag decomposes as a finite Minkowski sum of indecomposable polytopes, and that the set of these polytopes corresponds to a finite Minkowski basis whose elements span the extremal rays in the secondary fan. In fact, the Minkowski basis does not depend on…

Let X be an L1-predual, non-separable in general. We show that the intrinsic Baire classes of X can be identified with the spaces of odd Baire functions on the set ext BX∗ of the extreme points of the dual unit ball BX∗ in the case when ext BX∗ satisfies some topological assumptions. This generalizes results of Lindenstrauss andWulbert from [On the classification of the Banach…

Let G be a finite primitive permutation group and let κ(G) be the number of conjugacy classes of derangements in G. By a classical theorem of Jordan, κ(G)  1. In this paper, we classify the groups G with κ(G) = 1, and we use this to obtain new results on the structure of finite groups with an irreducible complex character that vanishes on a unique conjugacy class. We also obtain…

Deformation experiments on partially molten rocks in simple shear form melt bands at 20◦ to the shear plane instead of at the expected 45◦ principal compressive stress direction. These melt bands may play an important role in melt focusing in mid-ocean ridges. Such shallow bands are known to form for two-phase media under shear if strongly non-Newtonian power-law creep is employed …

American medievalist buildings of the Gilded Age often reinterpreted historical forms in new idioms inflected by modern architectural developments. Nevertheless, some of their makers remained keenly aware of issues of authenticity and struggled to create truly medieval experiences for their American audiences. This essay explores the discourse of authenticity as it influenced the architectural …