Grandmothers� availability for childcare has been shown to increase the labor force participation (LFP) and fertility of daughters. However, grandmothers� childcare availability depends highly on their LFP. When grandmothers work, intergenerational income transfers to their daughters may increase at the expense of time transfers (through childcare). Using a Two-stage Two-steps Least S…

Lone mothers are overrepresented among the poor in many European countries, with detrimental consequences for them and their children. Even in Norway, which is known for its successful economic and welfare development, lone mothers were at least three times more likely to be poor than married mothers. To redress this issue, the Norwegian government instituted a welfare reform in 1998, increasi…

In many countries there is a considerable gender gap in enrolment for a bachelor�s degree in Economics, arguably an important stepping stone towards positions of influence in policymaking and occupations paying relatively high wages. We investigate the sources of this gap by looking in detail at the university admission process in the UK. We use a 50% random sample of administrative data c…

In this study, we analyze whether the gender of a student�s siblings affects the choice of college major. A family with same-gender siblings may encourage academic choices that are less gender stereotyped. We use a unique dataset covering 30,000 Italian students who graduated from high school between 1985 and 2005 that allows us to identify siblings. We follow their academic careers from h…

The participation of women in agriculture and the role of women in society in the preindustrial period were remarkably different across ethnicities and strongly related to the type of agricultural technology adopted historically. The sexual division of labor was broadly associated to two technological regimes: shifting cultivation, where the majority of agricultural work was done by women, and …

We summarize our two sets of controlled experiments designed to see whether single-sex classes within co-educational environments modify students� risk-taking attitudes. In Booth and Nolen (2012b), subjects are in school years 10 and 11, while in Booth et al. (2014), they are first-year university students randomly assigned to single-sex and co-educational classes. Both studies show that w…

Tahun Terbit

-

We investigate optimal taxation of lifetime income with and without an option to emigrate during old age. The government sets the rates of deferred taxation and of taxes on interest income. With immobile agents, the optimal policy consists of full deferral of income taxes on savings and full taxation of interest. Potential mobility of the old calls for lower degrees of deferral and reduced taxa…

This article proposes a notional defined contribution (NDC) mechanism to ensure pension mobility for the 150 million migrating workers in China during both the accumulation and drawdown phases. Planned governance would ensure independence from the three existing pension systems. An appropriately structured NDC plan of this type is shown to be viable by reference to a previously developed model …

Tahun Terbit

2010