A Bayesian inversion methodology for identification of large-scale subsurface structures (strata) from controlled source electromagnetic data is developed. The Bayesian inverse problem is solved by sampling from the posterior probability distribution, using the ensemble Kalman filter. Prior knowledge is incorporated in the methodology by utilizing structural prior information from, for example,…

The importance of allochthonous versus authochthonous carbon in the diet of zooplankters has been discussed at length in the recent literature, the more so for lakes with dissolved organic matter (DOM) concentrations between 3.5 and 25 mg L21. Here, we investigated the sources of carbon for Boeckella gracilipes (Copepoda, Calanoida) in three Patagonian shallow lakes that have different but rela…

In conventional marine seismic surveys, due to the time-delayed reflections from the sea surface on both source and receiver sides, ghosts present in recorded seismograms and lead to both phase and spectrum distortions (especially near certain frequency notches). To achieve a high-quality broad-band image/velocity model with conventional reverse time migration (RTM)/full waveform inversion (FWI…

The aim of this study is to improve the temporal resolution of seismic wave velocity variations measured using ambient noise correlations. We first reproduce the result obtained by Chen et al. using a network of 21 broad-band stations ideally located around the fault system activated during the Wenchuan earthquake.We measure a velocity drop of 0.07 per cent that was associated with the main sh…

Many zooplankters rely on diapausing stages to survive unsuitable conditions in time-varying habitats. In facultative sexual rotifers, reproductive effort allocated to the sexually produced diapausing eggs is at the expense of the subitaneous parthenogenetic eggs, generating a trade-off between current and future population growth. The timing and the amount of sex (the sexual pattern) affect di…

Our aim was to determine if a limitation of reproduction by available brood chamber space could explain indeterminate growth in Daphnia, and what conditions might affect this.We evaluated the brood chamber volumes of the larger Daphnia longispina and smaller D. cucullata species during the first three clutches of eggs and compared this with the volume of eggs produced in low and high food condi…

Population and community dynamics influence, and are influenced by, among-individual variation in traits. However, studies examining rapid evolution during community assembly remain rare. We examined how four life-history traits in Daphnia ambigua have evolved during community assembly in a recently created lake. Microfossils, preserved in sediments, suggest that D. ambigua was one of the origi…

Automatic classification of local seismic events which are only recorded at single stations poses great challenges because of weak hypocentre constraints. This study investigates how single-station event clusters relate to geographic hypocentre regions and common source processes. Typical applications arise in local seismic networks where reliable ground truth by a dense temporal network preced…

A strain of the green alga Oocystis isolated from a lake showed a decline in digestion defenses and an increase in growth rate over 3 years of culture. Changes over time were corroborated by comparisons between a sub-strain grown continuously in light and two sub-strains kept refrigerated in the dark most of the time. Continuous culture in light leads to a sharper decline in grazer defenses and…

The aim of the study was to measure copepod reproduction, mortality and sex ratio in the field before, during and after a cyanobacteria bloom during the summer in the western Gulf of Finland. Environment and zooplankton samples were collected every fortnight, and the copepod Acartia spp. was incubated in the laboratory for reproductive output, i.e. egg production and egg hatching success. Othe…