There has been extensive work on seismic source localization, going as far back as Geiger’s 1912 paper, that is based on least-squares fitting of arrival times. The primary advantage of time-based methods over waveform-based methods (e.g. reverse-time migration and beam forming) is that simulated arrival times are considerably more reliable than simulated waveforms, especially in the context…

Tahun Terbit

2009

How fast should animals move when trying to survive? Although many studies have examined how fast animals can move, the fastest speed is not always best. For example, an individual escaping from a predator must run fast enough to escape, but not so fast that it slips and falls. To explore this idea, we developed a simple mathematical model that predicts the optimal speed for an individual runni…

While the first-order Born approximation is incre a singly being used in many seismic tomography efforts, its domain of validity to forward model seismic wave forms has not been quantified in the context of current 3-D earth models yet. We here address this issue by comparing teleseismic synthetic surface waveforms calculated using the Born approximation with spectral element method…

An intraplate slow earthquake was detected in northernmost Hokkaido, Japan, by a dense network of the global navigation satellite system. Transient abnormal acceleration of <12 mm was observed during the period 2012 July to 2013 January (∼5.5 months) at several sites. The spatial displacement distribution suggests that a localized tectonic event caused localized deformation. Estimated fau…

Learners’ dictionaries can help users not just with meanings, but also with collocations, syntax and common errors. Although there are several ways in which information for language production can be presented, previous research has shown that learners tend to prefer to obtain it from examples. However, early studies on the effects of dictionary examples did not disclose much evidence of thei…

How cells divide and differentiate is a fundamental question in organism al development; however, the discovery of differentiation processes invarious cell types is laborious and sometimes impossible. Phylogenetic analysisis typically used to reconstruct evolutionary processes based on inherent characters. It could also be used to reconstruct developmental processes based on the developmental c…

We study the impact of post-election ethnic violence in Kenya on the wheat and maize market in Mombasa and find empirical evidence that for these food markets, there is no impact on prices following violence. Using a data set of a flour producing firm, we identify the degree of persistence in prices and quantities by means of techniques based on long memory and long range dependence. Prices…

Intermediate learners of English often show considerable skill in communicating orally, and using language productively to solve the tasks set. However, on closer inspection, the actual language produced is often very simple and contributes little to students’ language growth. The present article reports on a small-scale pedagogic intervention that attempts to redress this situation by raisi…

Cryptochromes (Crys) are light sen sing receptors that are presentinall eukaryotes. They mainly absorb light in the UV/ blue spectrum. The extant Crysconsist of two subfamilies, which are descendants of photo lyases but are now involved in the regulation of circadian rhythms. So far, knowledge about the evolution, phylogeny,and expression of crygenesis stills carce. The inclusion of cry sequenc…