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Cari koleksi dengan cepat sesuai kebutuhan Anda.The legal seat of the arbitration in investor�State proceedings is often determined by agreement of the parties. If no agreement is reached and the matter is to be decided by a tribunal, what factors have been considered? This Note will examine the jurisprudence available to date on this issue in arbitral proceedings conducted under the auspices of the International Centre for Settlement o…
Denial-of-benefits clauses in investment treaties are generally designed to exclude from treaty protections nationals of third States which, through mailbox or shell companies, seek to benefit from provisions that the State parties to the treaty did not intend to grant them. A review of recent investment cases reveals that tribunals have reached significantly diverging decisions as to when, how…
Some labour market consequences of transitions in the agriculture sector are examined by combining 20-year unbalanced panel data from Norwegian farm households and logit modelling of transition probabilities. The multi-dimensionality of the problem follows from two decision makers having four possible choices in each period: the farm operator and spouse can be working fully on the farm or havin…
This empirical study aims to shed light on the dynamic linkages between innovation, efficiency and productivity at the individual farm level. We use a comprehensive dataset for dairy farms in Germany for the period 1996�2010. Based on a directional distance frontier framework and the Luenberger index, we estimate the changes in efficiency, technical change and productivity over the period …
DWI RAHAYU UTAMI. 1001065061. The Relationship between the Ability to Use Vocabulary and Reading Comprehension of the Seventh Grade Students of SMP PGRI 9 East Jakarta in the 2014-2015 Academic Year. A Paper: Jakarta, The Study Programme of English Education, The School of Teacher Training and Education, The University of Muhammadiyah Prof. DR. Hamka. 2015. The aim of the research is to fi…
We analyse the effects of geographical indication labelling on quality choices and welfare in a vertical differentiation framework with two attributes of goods, gustatory quality and geographical origin. We investigate two extreme cases of the protected designation of origin (PDO) label: a denomination standard, which guarantees only the origin of the product without any requirement on producti…