Mantle plumes as well as ‘superplumes’ have been imaged in the lower most mantle in tomographic studies. To investigate seismic resolution of deep mantle plume anomalies, we use a spectral element method (SEM) to simulate global seismic wave propagation in 3-D wave speed models and measure frequency-dependent P-, S-, Pdiff- and Sdiff-wave travel time anomalies caused by plume structures in …