Throughout the past decade, the mountain pine beetle (MPB), a forest pest native to North America, has enjoyed a large increase in population and an expansion of its habitable zone. Certain species of pine trees throughout the Western United States are hosts for the MPB, where the beetle lays its eggs and feeds on the vascular tissue of the tree, often leading to tree mortality. Within a few we…

The Internet is an increasingly important source of information for many people in the Muslim world. Many Muslims in majority and minority contexts rely on the Internet ? including websites and e-mail ? as a primary source of news, information and communication about Islam. As a result, a new media culture is emerging which is having a significant impact on areas of global Muslim consciousness.…