The dimensions that define a food product have expanded rapidly to include characteristics of the production process, marketing arrangements, and implications that production and consumption of the product have for the environment. Some market intermediaries have responded by requiring that their suppliers abide by restrictive production practices. We examine the economic effects of such restr…

Tahun Terbit

-

Tahun Terbit

2014

Tahun Terbit

2013

This work analyzes the research productivity of agricultural and life science faculty in U.S. Land Grant research universities from 1975 to 2005. Production function estimations that control for inputs and demographic characteristics reveal significant improvements after 1980 in faculty research productivity per unit time, especially in the non-top ten universities. Because, however, time avail…

Tahun Terbit

2014

Tahun Terbit

2014

Tahun Terbit

2014

A large literature links currency crashes and reversals in a country�s net external borrowing to output losses. In this article, we find that contractions in the stock of gross foreign claims on a country�a phenomenon we call gross foreign investment reversals (GIRs)�are also associated with output declines. GIRs are specially harmful during currency, current account, and sudden …

We study the nexus between US economic and military aid, human rights conditions, and the emergence of anti-American transnational terrorism in aid-receiving countries. Using data from 126 countries for the period 1984�2008, we show that a combination of local repression and military or economic dependence on the USA results in more anti-American terrorism. This relationship only breaks do…