Viruses with single-stranded(ss) DNA genomes infect host sinall three domains of life and include many medically, ecologically, and economically important pathogens. Recently, a new group of ssDNA viruses with chimeric genomes has been discovered through viral meta genomics. These chimeric viruses combine capsid protein genes and replicative protein genes that, respectively, appear to have been…

This article seeks to explore the impact of new voting technologies—machines from 1970–90, followed by screens from 1990–2010—on electoral practice in France. It begins by showing how the arguments deployed by advocates of the new technologies largely resembled one another, despite the fact that the two devices were based on rather different technical processes: hand-operated machines a…

Tahun Terbit

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Tahun Terbit

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Suicide is the third leading cause of death among young people ages 15 to 19 years, with male adolescents four times more likely to die than their female peers. This study used Bronfenbrenner’s bioecological model to examine micro- and macrosystems as predictors of suicidal behaviors through responses by male adolescents (N = 9,910) to a statewide youth survey. Findings show that the micro- a…

Educational outcomes for youths in foster care are poor compared with those of their peers who are not child welfare involved. This qualitative study examined the impact of adoption on the educational experiences of older youths with disabilities who were adopted from the child welfare system. Researchers conducted interviews with families of older youths, as well as analysis of youths’ indiv…

African American children are disproportionally overrepresented in the U.S. child protection system. Because educational personnel are a significant source of reports of suspected child maltreatment across the country and in all states, the present study examines the impact of these reports on racial disproportionality and disparity at the national, state, and local levels, with an examination…

Few studies have examined the effectiveness of gay–straight alliances (GSAs) on the social and academic experiences of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and questioning (LGBTQ) youths. The limited research on GSAs suggests that they are associated with positive youth development and increased safety; however, little qualitative information exists on the issues of why GSA groups are effecti…

Global ecosystems have shifted from historical conditions, but it is unclear from what baselines change should be assessed. Scientists and managers have increasingly accepted the impossibility of returning ecosystems to a “pristine” state; however, historical conditions remain the cornerstone for restoration and management. We explore the rationale behind the application of historical basel…

Hamilton’s theory of kin selection is the best-known framework for understanding the evolution of social behavior but has long been a source of controversy in evolutionary biology. A recent critique of the theory by Nowak, Tarnita, and Wilson sparked a new round of debate, which shows no signs of abating. In this overview, we highlight a number of conceptual issues that lie at the heart of th…