Deformation experiments on partially molten rocks in simple shear form melt bands at 20◦ to the shear plane instead of at the expected 45◦ principal compressive stress direction. These melt bands may play an important role in melt focusing in mid-ocean ridges. Such shallow bands are known to form for two-phase media under shear if strongly non-Newtonian power-law creep is employed …

Models of the glacial isostatic adjustment process, which is dominated by the influence of the Late Pleistocene cycle of glaciation and deglaciation, depend on two fundamental inputs: a history of ice-sheet loading and a model of the radial variation of mantle viscosity. These models may be tested and refined by comparing their local predictions of relative sea level history to geological infe…

Organisms and cells, in response to environmental influences or during development, undergo considerable changes in DNA methylation on a genome-wide scale, which are linked to a variety of biological processes. Using MethylC-seq to decipher DNA methylome at single-base resolution is prohibitively costly. In this study,we develop a novel approach, named MBRidge, to detect the methylation levels…

Large-scale sequencing has characterized an enormous number of genetic variations (GVs), and the functional analysis of GVs is fundamental to understanding differences in disease susceptibility and therapeutic response among and within populations. Using a combination of a sequence-based predictor with known phosphorylation and protein–protein interaction information, we computationally det…

Displacements and stress-field changes associated with earthquakes, volcanoes, landslides and human activity are often simulated using numerical models in an attempt to understand the underlying processes and their governing physics. The application of elastic dislocation theory to these problems, however, may be biased because of numerical instabilities in the calculations. Here, we present a…

We present an extension of the nodal discontinuous Galerkin method for elastic wave propagation to high interpolation orders and arbitrary heterogeneous media. The high-order lagrangian interpolation is based on a set of nodes with excellent interpolation properties in the standard triangular element. In order to take into account highly variable geological media, another set of suitable quadra…

Histone deacetylase 1(HDAC1) is an important epigenetic controller involvedin transcriptional regulation throughmodification of chromatin structure. Genetic and epigenetic changes and deregulation of signal transduction pathways have been implicated in the development of breast cancer. Downregulation of estrogen receptor a (ERa) expression is one of the mechanisms behind the acquisition of e…

TheHippo/Yap pathway is awell-conserved signaling cascade that regulates cell proliferation and differentiation to control organsize and stem/progenitor cell behavior. Following airway injury, Yap was dynamically regulated in regenerating airway epithelial cells. To determine the role of Hippo signaling in the lung, the mammalian Hippo kinases,Mst1 and Mst2,were deleted in epithelial cells of …

Earthquake focal mechanisms of the Shanxi rift system, North China, are investigated for the time period 1965–April 2014. A total of 143 focal mechanisms of ML ≥ 3.0 earthquakes were compiled. Among them, 105 solutions are newly determined in this study by combining the Pwave first motions and full waveform inversion, and 38 solutions are from available published data. Stress tensor inv…

Recent first principles calculations of the Earth’s outer core thermal and electrical conductivities have raised their values by a factor of three. This has significant implications for geodynamo operation, in particular, forcing the development of a stably stratified layer at the core–mantle boundary (CMB). This study seeks to test the hypothesis of a stably stratified layer in the upperm…