We present a method for high-resolution imaging of lithospheric structures based on full waveform inversion of teleseismic waveforms. We model the propagation of seismic waves using our recently developed direct solution method/spectral-element method hybrid technique, which allows us to simulate the propagation of short-period teleseismic waves through a regional 3-D model. We implement an ite…

Seismic tomography has revealed very high P-wave velocities, over 8.5 km s−1, at shallow depths, 30–100 km, beneath New Zealand. Here we study fast, high-frequency arrivals at North and South Island stations that contain additional information about the crust and mantle structure. These arrivals, which are from earthquakes within or close to the land mass, have a characteristic high-fre…

On 2014 April 1, a magnitude Mw 8.1 interplate thrust earthquake ruptured a densely instrumented region of Iquique seismic gap in northern Chile. The abundant data sets near and around the rupture zone provide a unique opportunity to study the detailed source process of this megathrust earthquake. We retrieved the spatial and temporal distributions of slip during the main shock and one strong a…

Normal mode treatments of the Earth’s body tide response were developed in the 1980s to account for the effects of Earth rotation, ellipticity, anelasticity and resonant excitation within the diurnal band. Recent space-geodetic measurements of the Earth’s crustal displacement in response to luni-solar tidal forcings have revealed geographical variations that are indicative of aspherical dee…

New Guinea is a region characterized by rapid oblique convergence between the Pacific and Australian tectonic plates. The detailed tectonics of the region, including the partitioning of relative block motions and fault slip rates within this complex boundary plate boundary zone are still not well understood. In this study, we quantify the distribution of the deformation throughout the central a…

Statistical models of geomagnetic secular variations in terms of a Giant Gaussian Process (GGP) are compared with palaeontensity databases (Brunhes epoch, effusive rocks). We tested two GGP models TK and QC (suggested by Tauxe-Kent and Quidelleur-Courtillot) against 392 volcanic palaeointensity data, and found both models to be incompatible with the data. Even though at present there is no acce…

We consider the multiple point principle of the Standard Model with scalar singlet dark matter (DM) and three heavy right-handed neutrinos at the scale where the beta function βλ of the effective Higgs self-coupling λeff becomes zero.We do a two-loop analysis and find that the top quark mass Mt and theHiggs portal coupling κ are strongly related to each other. One of the go…

Electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) has been widely used in environmental applications to study processes associated with subsurface contaminants and contaminant remediation. Anthropogenic alterations in subsurface electrical conductivity associated with contamination often originate from highly industrialized areas with significant amounts of buried metallic infrastructure. The deleterious…

A decomposition for the SU(2) Yang–Mills field in the low-energy limit is obtained by supposing that, in the low-energy limit, the field strength tensor of an SU(2) Yang–Mills field can be obtained by multiplying two parts, Gμν and n, such thatGμν = Gμνn. Gμν is a space-time tensor and n is an isotriplet unit vector field that gives the Abelian direc…

A new approach of seismoelectric imaging has been recently proposed to detect saturation fronts in which seismic waves are focused in the subsurface to scan its heterogeneous nature and determine saturation fronts. Such type of imaging requires however a complete modelling of the seismoelectric properties of porous media saturated by two immiscible fluid phases, one being usually electrically i…