Biotypes of Russian wheat aphid, Diuraphis noxia (Kurdjumov), have nullified D. noxiaresistant wheat. In this study, feeding of North American D. noxia was measured in aphids fed resistant and susceptible wheat and barley using electrical penetration graph (EPG) recordings. Interactions between barley genotypes and D. noxia biotypes were significant. EPG recordings of biotype 1 aphids fed on D.…

Many applied economics journals ban the use of deception in experiments, which contrasts with the policies in other academic disciplines. We examine the cases for and against deception, and describe the ways deception can be employed in applied economics experiments.We create a general ranking of harms from deception in experiments and present evidence from a survey (conducted in summer 2014) …

Cryptolaemus montrouzieri Mulsant (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) is an effective biological control agent of Australian origin, which has been introduced worldwide to control mealybugs. Although successfully used for >100 yr, its introduction in a new area may cause environmental risks should the populations become invasive. In the present study, a population genetics method was used to make predi…

European gypsy moth populations (Lymantria dispar L.) are well established and a proven destructive force in hardwood trees throughout the United States and Canada. Introduction of the exotic Asian gypsy moth into North America would be even more impactful, as Asian gypsy moth populations have wider host ranges, and are capable of naturally dispersing more rapidly due to female flight ability. …

DESI RATNASARI. NIM : 1101145014. Pengaruh Pemberian Pupuk Organik Padat Azolla microphylla Terhadap Pertumbuhan Bayam Merah (Amaranthus Tricolor L.). Skripsi. Jakarta : Program Studi Pendidikan Biologi. Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan. Universitas Muhammadiyah Prof. DR. Hamka. 2015. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian pupuk organik padat A. microphylla terh…

Policy makers in the United States often justify agricultural subsidies by stressing that agriculture is the engine of the rural economy. We use the increase in crop prices in the late 2000s to estimate the marginal effect of increased agricultural revenues on local economies in the U.S. Heartland. We find that $1 more in crop revenue generated 64� in personal income, with most going to f…

Glucose-6-phosphate isomerase (G6PI) and UDP-N-acetylglucosamine yrophosphorylase (UAP), two key components in the chitin biosynthesis pathway, are critical for insect growth and metamorphosis. In this study, we identified the genes BdG6PI and BdUAP from the oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel). The open reading frames (ORFs) of BdG6PI (1,491 bp) and BdUAP (1,677 bp) encoded 496 and…

Transgenic crops that produce insecticidal toxins derived from the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) are widely planted to manage pest insects. One of the primary pests targeted by Bt corn in the United States is western corn rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Cry3Bb1 corn for management of western corn rootworm was commercialized in 2003, and begi…

The monthly cycle of daily food intake among adult participants in the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program is examined using data from the 2007�10 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Exogenous variation in interview and benefit receipt dates provides means for identification, and a difference-in-differences specification is used to account for the large boost in benefi…

Soil-applied liquid termiticides are the most common control measure for subterranean termites. Characteristics unique to insecticidal chemistries such as repellency, toxicity, and time between contact and mortality, influence the interaction of termites with treated soil and overall treatment success. Two ifferent treated-tunnel bioassays were used to evaluate the behavioral impacts and mort…