The epithelia involved in ionoregulation and detoxification in crustaceans and insects are quite distinct: the gills, hepatopancreas, and antennal gland serve these functions in crustaceans, whereas the Malpighian tubules, hindgut, and, to some extent, the midgut, are involved in insects. This article compares the means by which the Na+/K+-ATPase and the vacuolar type H+-ATPase are used to ener…

In this paper, we propose a weighted Runge–Kutta (RK) discontinuous Galerkin (WRKDG) method for wave field modelling. For this method, we first transform these is mic wave equations in 2-D heterogeneous anisotropic media in to a first-order hyperbolicsystem, and then combine the discontinuous Galerkin method (DGM) with a weighted RK time discretization. The time discretizati…

The exoskeletons of pancrustaceans, as typified by decapod crustaceans and insects, demonstrate a high degree of similarity with respect to histology, ultrastructure, function, and composition. The cuticular envelope in insects and the outer epicuticle in crustaceans both serve as the primary barrier to permeability of the exoskeleton, preventing loss of water and ions to the external medium. P…

The M ∼ 7 1915 Fucino (Central Italy) earthquake represents one of the most destructive seismic events ever occurred in the Italian Peninsula. Several seismogenic faults have been proposed in the past decades as the source of the earthquake by means of different approaches and techniques that lead to a variety of speculations about the source mechanism and the fault location, often contra…

We raise attention to the issue of consistency between the reference frame with respect to which the seismological model calculations of displacement are made on one hand, and that to which the geodetic measurements of crustal deformation refer (e.g.theITRF) on the other. This issue is critical in principle if the seismologically calculated displacement (orgravity change) is to be compared orus…

As the Earth’s in homogeneous and viscoelastic properties, seismic signal attenuation we are trying to mitigate is a long-standing problem facing with high-resolution techniques. For addressing such a problem in the fields of time–frequency transform, Gabor transform methods such as atom-window method (AWM) and molecular window method (MWM) have been reported recently. However, we obs…

The seismic investigation of the lowermost mantle is in many places hampered by the lack of suitable source–receiver combinations that sample the D" region and have to meet the requirements of a suitable epicentral distance range. The low velocity regions beneath the central Pacific and Atlantic Oceans in particular have been sampled in fewer places than circum Pacific regions. In…

The Fisher distribution is central to palaeo magnetism but presents several problems when used to characterize geomagnetic field directions as observed in sequences of volcanic rocks. First, it introduces a shallowing effect when used to define the mean of any group of directional unit vectors. This is problematic because it can suggest the presence of persistent non-axial dipole co…

Wedevelopansingularvaluedecomposition-basedcompressionoftheGreen’sfunctionmatrix of an electromagnetic integral equation forward solver for global geomagnetic induction, on top of an fast Fourier transform reduction of the system to a block-diagonal form. With this approach, the memory usage and CPU time of Krylov subspace iterative solutions are significantly reduced at a very small co…

We present a rigorous method for interpolation of electric and magnetic fields close to an interface with a conductivity contrast. The method takes into account not only a well-known discontinuity in the normal electric field, but also discontinuity in all the normal derivatives of electric and magnetic tangential fields. The proposed method is applied to marine 3-D controlled…